Micro-Teaching Lesson Plan-M.Ed.

Lesson Plan no: 1

Level: B.Ed. III Year                                                                                                                         Date: 24^th Kartik 2068

Title: Translation equivalence

Objectives:

1.       To define, classify and exemplify translation equivalence

2.       To find out problems in search of Traⁿ  equivalence

3.       To manage the problems of Traⁿ  equivalence

Materials: Hand-out, Teacher’s note

Content: Equivalence in Traⁿ

1. Definition:

·         The extreme possible correspondence between SL text and TL text on various linguistic levels such as morphemes, words, phrases, clauses, idiom and proverbs.

·         emerges during 1950s and 60s (Hatim, 2001:14)

2. Types:

·         Nida (1964)

                                i) Formal Equivalence                     ii) Dynamic Equivalence

·         Catford (1964)

                                i) Textual Equivalence                    ii) Pragmatics Equivalence

·         Newmark (1981)

                                i) Semantic Equivalence                ii) Communicative Equivalence

3. Problems: Krishnaswami says:

“Translation is like a Woman if beautiful, it cannot be faithful and if faithful, it cannot be beautiful.”

                                                                                                                (Cited in Das, 2008, p.1)

Cicero (First century BC) who forwards his viewpoint on word -for-word and sense-for-sense translation has put forward the following words:

“If I tender for word, the result will sound uncouth and if compelled by necessity I alter anything in the order or wording. I shall seem to have departed from the function of a translator.”                             (Cited in Das, 2008, p.37)

·         Lgs are different on lingu. features and cultural feature

·         No sameness betⁿ two lgs cause loss or gain in Traⁿ

eg.          SL: Kathmandu ma dosro Pashupatinath mileko jasto bhan parna thaleko thiyo

                TL: ………………some felt a living Apollo.    (The Wake of the White Tiger: 247)

·         Metaphore

                SL: kalo bhut jasto Madhya raat thiyo

                TL: The midnight was pitch-dark like a ghost.

                                                                                (The Stories of Conflict and War: 110 in Adhikari, 2009)

·         Same words have different meaning in different culture

        When we translate Shakespeare’s “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s Day” literally may not fit for the country where the summer is unpleasant (Bassnett, 2002.p30). Bhuja for rice is not acceptable in the culture where they prefer ‘bhat ’for the same; and they mean something else by ‘bhuja’.

·         Socio-cultural matrix i.e. culture-bound words

        Gundruk- fermented and dried vegetable

        Dhoti- loin cloth

4. Solution:

·         Transference

·         Notes & Paraphrasing

·         Naturalization

·         Glossary

·         Addition & deletion

5. Conclusion:……………………………..

6. References:

                Adhikari, Bal Ram (2009). Theoretical and Practical Consideration about Aesthetic Approach to Literary Translation,                   30^th Annual Conference of the Linguistic Society of Nepal

                        Baker, Mona (1992). In Other Words: A Course-book on Translation, London: Routledge

                        Das, B.K. (2008) A Handbook of Translation Studies, India: Atlantic Publishers & Distributers

                        Hatim, Basil (2001) Teaching and Researching Translation, London: Pearson Education

                        Newmark, Peter (1988)  A Coursebook of Translation, New York: Prentice Hall

                                                                                                                                                By: Ranjit Kr Singh

                                                                                                                                                M.R.C Tahachal

                                                                                                                                                ranjitks658@gmail.com